CIP-005-7: Cyber Security—Electronic Security Perimeter(s)

This standard facilitates documented controls, monitoring mechanisms, and secure processes for remote access across registered entities to maintain reliable grid operation.

1. Electronic Security Perimeter (ESP)

This is the logical boundary that encloses all BES Cyber Systems. It helps separate systems from lower-security networks, such as the corporate network and the internet. The ESP controls electronic access through identified Electronic Access Points (EAPs).

2. Electronic Access Control or Monitoring Systems (EACMS)

Systems that control or monitor electronic access into the ESP, including authentication servers, access control systems, and monitoring tools. It allows managing, allowing, denying, and tracking each access incident. This system enables recording activity in logs and managing, viewing, or modifying them as required. EACMS may reside outside the Electronic Security Perimeter; however, because they control or monitor access to the ESP or BES Cyber Systems, they must be protected with security controls commensurate with their critical function.

3. Interactive Remote Access Management

These are procedures and technologies that restrict and remove unrestricted access to the BES cyber systems and assets. In this process, users can implement multi-factor authentication for enhanced security. If an individual wants to initiate interactive and remote access, they will be required to provide more than just a password. They will need to furnish additional information and follow the steps for authenticated access. CIP-005-7 also requires the use of an Intermediate System for Interactive Remote Access, ensuring that remote users do not connect directly to BES Cyber Systems

4. Dial-up Connectivity Monitoring

This is a critical NERC CIP requirement aimed at preventing unauthorized and direct access to critical infrastructure. According to the CIP-005-7 Electronic System Perimeters, any dial-up connections required to access the BES must be protected to avoid vulnerabilities. The dial-up modems shouldn’t just answer and connect instantly. They must require authentication from the calling party before establishing a connection.

5. Documentation and Evidence

This component of the CIP-005-7 compliance provides the necessary policies, procedures, and technical documentation. This set of information helps define the ESP, procedures, protocols, access points, log maintenance, and more. In addition, it directs the concerned parties to document every access and interaction across the BES cyber systems and keep them available for evidence. It is also useful in determining whether you are compliant or non-compliant.

Conclusion

In today’s digital landscape, remote and cyber access can cause significant damage if not properly secured. CIP-005-7 strengthens perimeter security to protect grid reliability. This standard addresses how to define and protect the ESP, the perimeter that marks its border, and how to structure it. The purpose is to develop a comprehensive control structure for the perimeter to prevent unauthorized access. Contact Certrec for assistance in implementing CIP-005-7 in your industry to help secure and comply today.